- David Copperfield ("Trotwood Copperfield") - protagonist
- Edward Murdstone - David's cruel stepfather who caned him for falling behind in his studies. David bites him and is consequently sent to Salem House, a private school owned by his friend Mr. Creakle. After David's mother's death, he sends David to work in a blacking factory.
- Mr. Creakle
- Betsy Trotwood - David's aunt
- James Steerforth - a close friend of David of a romantic and charming disposition. Eventually drowns at Yarmouth with Ham Peggoty, who was trying to save him.
- Emily
- Ham Peggotty
- Uriah Heep - a sort of 'yes man'
The Pickwick Papers
- Mr. Pickwick - founder of the Pickwick club
- Mr. Nathaniel Winkle
- Mr. Augustus Snodgrass
- Mr. Tracy Tupman
Chief theme of the novel is their adventures.
Bleak House
- Esther Summerson - an orphan
- Caddy Jellyby - a friend of Esther's
The plot concerns a long-running legal dispute (Jarndyce and Jarndyce). Dickens's assault on the flaws of the British judiciary system is based in part on his own experiences as a law clerk. His harsh characterization of the Chancery law process gave voice to widespread frustration with the system and helped to set the stage for its eventual reform in the 1870s.
Nicholas Nickleby
- Nicholas Nickleby
- Ralph
- Wackford Squeers - operates a squalid boarding school where Nicholas temporarily serves as a tutor
Centers around the life and adventures of Nicholas Nickleby, a young man who must support his mother and sister after his father dies. His Uncle Ralph, who thinks Nicholas is worthless, plays the role of the antagonist.
Great Expectations
- Pip - orphan trained to be a blacksmith, strives to rise above class after meeting Estella
- Joe Gargery - Pip's brother-in-law and his first father figure
- Miss Havisham - wealthy spinster who takes Pip on as a companion, and who Pip is led to believe is his benefactor
- Estella - Miss Havisham's adopted daughter, represents the life of wealth and culture Pip strives for
Hard Times
- Thomas Gradgrind - utilitarian who is the founder of the educational system in Coketown, represents the stringency of "Fact"
- Josiah Bounderby - business associate of Mr. Gradgrind who marries his daughter Louisa and whose rise to prosperity is an example of social mobility
- Louisa Gradgrind - unemotional eldest child of Gradgrind family, taught to abnegate her emotions, tempted but resists adultery with James Harthouse
- Stephen Blackpool - indigent worker at one of Bounderby's mills, accused of complicity in a crime he did not commit, and on his way back to vindicate himself he falls into a pit and dies of injuries
Oliver Twist
- Oliver Twist - orphan born in a workhouse
- Fagin - a Jew and criminal mastermind
- Bill Sikes - Fagin's ally
- The Artful Dodger - a boy criminal who introduces Oliver to Fagin
- Noah Claypole - older apprentice of undertaker who bullies Oliver
- Mr. Brownlow - wealthy man who takes Oliver in after a robbery gone wrong and who suspects that Oliver is the son of his niece
- Nancy - Bill's mistress who shows Oliver kindness
- Monks - Oliver's half-brother who wants to prevent Oliver from obtaining his inheritance
- Rose Maylie - adopts Oliver after yet another burglary goes wrong
Plot summary:
- Oliver is a boy born in a workhouse who has no idea of his parents' identity. He is "sold" by the workhouse as an undertaker's apprentice, but constant bullying by Noah Claypole makes him run away.
- Oliver runs into The Artful Dodger who introduces Oliver to Fagin and his circle of criminals.
- After a robbery goes wrong, Oliver is taken into the home of a wealthy man, Mr. Brownlow. Brownlow suspects that Oliver is the son of his niece.
- In the meantime, Monks, Oliver's half-brother, is trying to locate him and prevent him from obtaining his inheritance.
- Sikes and Nancy kidnap Oliver and take him on a burglary, planning to get him a criminal record as a favor to Monks. However Oliver is left behind when the burglary goes wrong and is adopted into the home of Rose Maylie. He is ultimately restored to Mr. Brownlow.
- Monks and Fagin plan to kidnap or kill Oliver. Nancy, fearful of such a scenario, goes to Rose Maylie and Mr. Brownlow to inform them of the plan. Noah Claypole, who now functions as Fagin and Sikes' spy, finds out of her meetings and Sikes kills Nancy before being killed himself by a mob.
- Monks is forced to give his inheritance to Oliver and moves to America where he dies in prison, and Fagin is arrested and hung for his crimes.
- Rose marries her sweetheart Harry and Oliver lives happily with Mr. Brownlow.
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